颜文樑,江苏苏州人。擅长油画、美术教育。自幼从父学习中国花鸟画,后从师学习水彩画。1919年与友人创办《美术赛会》,为国内早期全国性美术展览,持续二十余年。1922年创办苏州美术专科学校,任校长。
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颜文樑,江苏苏州人。擅长油画、美术教育。自幼从父学习中国花鸟画,后从师学习水彩画。1919年与友人创办《美术赛会》,为国内早期全国性美术展览,持续二十余年。1922年创办苏州美术专科学校,任校长。1928年到法国巴黎高等美术学校进修学画,为苏州美专制办大量贵重石膏像,资料教具。1931年回国后,仍任苏州美专校长,1952年苏州美专与杭州中央美术学院华东分院合并,任教授兼副院长、顾问。中国美术家协会上海分会副主席,中国美术家协会顾问。从事油画创作70余年,坚持现实主义的创作原则,艺术风格严谨,对生活充满激情。作品《厨房》获法国国家沙龙荣誉奖,《祖国》、《黄浦江》参加1982年巴黎春季沙龙展览,《枫桥夜泊》获第六届全国美展荣誉奖。出版有《颜文梁画集》、《油画小辑》,著有《美术用透视学》、《色彩琐谈》等。
1893年七月二十日生于苏州干将坊,名文樑,字栋臣,乳名二官。
1898年5岁入塾读书,启蒙老师周先生。
1904年11岁入诚正学堂,学堂系书院性质,设有算学、历史、地理等新式课程,堂长陆敬斋。遵父教临摹《芥子园画谱》,学国画。
1905年12岁临摹胡三桥画作《钟馗》一幅,吴昌硕见而嘉之,题画。
1906年13岁入长元吴公立高等小学。
1908年15岁铅笔着色画《苏州火车站》作为学生佳作陈列于南京南洋劝业会。
1909年16岁毕业。国画考试得一百分。七月至上海商务印书馆报名考试,被录取为技术学生。
1910年17岁卒业。分配至铜版室为练习生。
1911年18岁调至画图室,随日本人松冈正识初学油画。
1912年19岁辞商务印书馆职,回苏州专心学画。自行试制油画材料,用松香水加鱼油(清漆)调色粉画出第一幅油画《石湖串月》。
1913年20岁任桂香小学教员,教图画、手工和体操。业余继续试制油画材料,并有志于透视学之研究。
1914年21岁改任钱业小学教员。初识吴子深(名华源,顾鹤逸画弟子,苏州首富,后创立苏州美专,得其资助)。
1915年22岁至振华女学任教。十月,与陈蓉珍结婚。
1916年23岁兼任吴江中学图画教员。
1917年24岁兼任太仓省立第四中学图画教员。为上海来青阁书坊画水彩画风景16幅,月份牌2幅;为《滑稽杂志》制封面。
1918年25岁兼任苏州第二女子师范学校图画教员。为顾鹤逸画四季水彩风景。应苏州张多记扇庄约绘制扇面五幅,彩印发行。
1919年26岁与葛赉恩、潘振霄、徐咏清、金天翮及杨左陶共同发起美术画赛会,画会宗旨:“提倡画术,互相策励,仅资浏览,不加评判”,陈列画种有国粹画、油色画、钢笔画、铅画、蜡画、漆画、刺绣画等。兼任苏州第一师范学校图画教员。至此,已同时兼任苏州五所中学教职。初作粉笔画,第一张粉画作品为《画室》。
1920年27岁继续组织画赛会。作粉笔画《厨房》。
1921年28岁作粉笔画《肉店》。
1922年29岁七月与胡粹中、朱士杰、顾仲华、程少川创办苏州暑期美术学校于海红坊苏州律师公会会所。九月苏州美术学校成立。
1923年30岁继续组织画赛会。美术会迁入铁瓶巷,重征会员三百余人,内部组织为绘画、雕刻、音乐、诗歌、刺绣、演讲六部。美校来读学生增加,并首次招收女生一人。
1924年31岁美校第三期招生四十多人。时江浙战争,出走上海,战停后返苏。
1925年32岁美校第一期毕业生大都志愿留校任职。
1927年34岁应苏州公益局之聘,任仓浪亭保管员,受命筹设苏州美术馆。
1929年36岁继续在巴黎学习,并到各大博物馆、美术馆临摹名画原作。三月以粉画《厨房》、《画室》和油画《苏州瑞光塔》入选巴黎春季沙龙。六月《厨房》被评为荣誉奖。
1930年37岁游历欧洲。为苏州美术学校购置四千余册书籍和四百六十余件石膏复制品。
1931年38岁十一月学习期满回国。
1932年39岁八月,苏州美校新校落成,其规模为当时全国美校校舍之冠。九月,与徐悲鸿在南京举行联合画展。十月,教育部批准苏州美术专科学校以大专院校立案。十一月,苏州美专举行成立十周年纪念会。
1933年40岁应徐悲鸿邀请兼代南京中央大学美术系主任。苏州美专开办实用美术系制版组。校刊《艺浪》一卷一期出版。
1937年44岁抗日战争开始,学校被迫停学,校舍为日军占作司令部,师生辗转潜逃至上海。
1938年45岁在上海开办苏州美专沪校。日本人劝回苏州复校,许以校舍经费,毅然辞之。
1941年48岁美专沪校为避日军注目,改称画室。
1942年49岁与家人一起回苏州。
1943年50岁应之江大学沪校聘,授水彩画。
1944年51岁美专教师储元洵征得同意后,在宜兴设立美专临时分校。一年后,即迁苏州与总校合并。
1945年52岁抗战胜利,苏州美专成立复校委员会。十一月返校授课。
1946年53岁美专沪校改为研究室,原该校学生至苏州本校上课。秋,美专创办初中部,首次招生。
1947年54岁《艺浪》复刊。苏州美专举行建校二十五周年校庆。
1949年56岁新中国成立。
1950年57岁每周自沪去苏州,为美专授课一二个小时。
1951年58岁参加上海美术家协会每周学习会,始读马克思主义著作。
1952年59岁苏州美专与上海美专、山东大学艺术系合并,成立华东艺术专科学校,校址设无锡,刘海粟任校长。调任中央美术学院华东分院副院长。
1955年62岁在杭州屏风疗养院疗养,编写《美术用透视学》。
1959年66岁中央美术学院华东分院改称浙江美术学院,仍任副院长。《颜文樑画集》由上海人民美术出版社出版。
1960年67岁任上海美协副主席。
1963年70岁与刘海粟、林风眠等在香港举办油画展。
1966年73岁“文化大革命”开始,与潘天寿等同受批斗。
1978年85岁《色彩琐谈》由上海人民美术出版社出版。
1979年86岁参加苏州美专在沪校友的沧浪画展。
1981年88岁任全国美协理事。
1982年89岁任浙江美术学院顾问。
1985年92岁油画《枫桥夜泊》获第六届全国美展荣誉奖。《颜文樑》画集由上海人民美术出版社出版。
1987年94岁苏州市委商量筹建苏州美术馆和颜文樑陈列室等事宜。
1988年95岁五月一日心脏病复发,在送往医院的路上不幸逝世,享年九十六岁。
Yan Wenliang, born in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Good at oil painting and art education. I studied Chinese flower and bird painting from my father when I was young, and then I studied watercolor painting from my teacher. In 1919, he and his friends established the art competition, which was an early national art exhibition in China and lasted for more than 20 years. In 1922, he founded Suzhou Academy of fine arts and served as the president. In 1928, he went to Paris University of Fine Arts in France to study painting, and organized a large number of precious plaster statues, materials and teaching aids for Suzhou United States. After returning to China in 1931, he was still the president of Suzhou Art College. In 1952, Suzhou Art College was merged with East China branch of Hangzhou Central Academy of fine arts, and he was a teacher, vice president and consultant. Vice chairman of Shanghai Branch of China Artists Association, consultant of China Artists Association. He has been engaged in oil painting for more than 70 years. He adheres to the creative principle of realism, has a rigorous artistic style and is full of passion for life. His work kitchen won the honor award of French national salon, motherland and Huangpu River participated in the 1982 Paris spring Salon Exhibition, and Fengqiao night park won the honor award of the sixth national art exhibition. He has published Yan Wenliang's painting collection, oil painting collection, perspective study of art use, color talks, etc.
Born on July 20, 1893 in Suzhou ganjiangfang, Wenliang, Dongchen, Ruming erguan.
In 1898, when he was 5 years old, he began to study in the school, and his first teacher was Mr. Zhou.
In 1904, he was admitted to Chengzheng school at the age of 11. The school is an academy with new courses such as mathematics, history and geography. The head of the school is Lu Jingzhai. Follow the father's instruction to copy the painting Manual of mustard garden and learn traditional Chinese painting.
In 1905, when he was 12 years old, he copied a painting of Zhong Kui by Hu Sanqiao. Wu Changshuo saw it and praised it.
In 1906, at the age of 13, Chang Yuan Wu public primary school was established.
In 1908, 15-year-old pencil coloring painting "Suzhou railway station" was displayed in Nanyang Business Association of Nanjing as a student masterpiece.
Graduated at the age of 16 in 1909. A hundred points will be given in the traditional Chinese painting examination. In July, I applied for the examination in Shanghai Commercial Press and was admitted as a technical student.
He died at the age of 17 in 1910. Assigned to the copper room as the trainee.
In 1911, he was transferred to the drawing room at the age of 18, and began to learn oil painting with Japanese Songgang.
In 1912, he resigned from the commercial press at the age of 19 and returned to Suzhou to concentrate on painting. Self - made oil painting materials, and use the pine perfume and fish oil (varnish) toner to draw the first oil painting "Stone Lake string moon".
In 1913, he was a teacher of Guixiang primary school at the age of 20. He taught drawing, handcraft and gymnastics. Amateurs continue to trial produce oil painting materials, and are interested in perspective research.
In 1914, at the age of 21, he became a teacher of Qianye primary school. First met Wu Zishen (named Huayuan, Gu Heyi's painting disciple, the richest man in Suzhou, and later founded Suzhou Art School, with his support).
In 1915, she was 22 years old and taught in Zhenhua women's school. In October, he married Chen Rongzhen.
In 1916, at the age of 23, he was also a picture teacher in Wujiang middle school.
In 1917, at the age of 24, he was also a picture teacher in the fourth middle school of Taicang province. He painted 16 watercolour landscapes and 2 calendar cards for Shanghai laiqingge bookstore, and made the cover for funny magazine.
In 1918, at the age of 25, he was also a picture teacher of Suzhou second women's normal school. Draw four seasons watercolor scenery for Gu Heyi. According to the agreement of zhangduoji Fanzhuang in Suzhou, five fans will be drawn and printed.
In 1919, at the age of 26, he and Ge lai'en, pan Zhenxiao, Xu Yongqing, Jin Tianhe and Yang zuotao jointly launched the art and painting competition. The purpose of the competition is to "advocate painting skills, encourage each other, only for browsing, without any judgment". The display paintings include traditional Chinese painting, oil painting, pen painting, lead painting, wax painting, lacquer painting, embroidery painting, etc. He also served as a drawing teacher of Suzhou No.1 normal school. So far, he has also served as a teacher in five middle schools in Suzhou. The first chalk painting was studio.
In 1920, at the age of 27, he continued to organize the painting competition. Make a chalk painting of kitchen.
In 1921, at the age of 28, he painted "butcher's shop".
In July 1922, at the age of 29, he founded Suzhou Summer School of fine arts with Hu Zizhong, Zhu Shijie, Gu Zhonghua and Cheng Shaochuan in the Suzhou Bar Association of haihongfang. Suzhou Art School was established in September.
In 1923, he continued to organize the painting competition at the age of 30. The Art Association moved to tiepingxiang and recruited more than 300 members. It has six internal organizations: painting, sculpture, music, poetry, embroidery and speech. The number of students coming to the United States school increased, and for the first time, one girl was admitted.
In 1924, 31 year old American university enrolled more than 40 students in the third period. During the war between Jiangsu and Zhejiang, he left Shanghai and returned to the Soviet Union after the war ended.
In 1925, most of the 32-year-old graduates of the first phase of American University volunteered to stay in school.
In 1927, at the age of 34, he was employed by Suzhou Public Welfare Bureau as storekeeper of canglangting and was appointed to establish Suzhou Art Museum.
In 1929, at the age of 36, he continued to study in Paris and went to major museums and art galleries to copy the original paintings. "Kitchen", "studio" and "Suzhou Ruiguang tower" were selected in Paris spring salon in March. In June, the kitchen was honored.
In 1930, he traveled to Europe at the age of 37. More than 4000 books and 460 plaster replicas were purchased for Suzhou Art School.
In 1931, 38 years old, returned to China after studying in November.
In August 1932, at the age of 39, the new school of Suzhou United States University was completed. Its scale was the largest in the United States school buildings at that time. In September, we held a joint exhibition with Xu Beihong in Nanjing. In October, the Ministry of Education approved Suzhou Art College to register as a college. In November, Suzhou Art College held its 10th anniversary meeting.
In 1933, at the invitation of Xu Beihong, 40, he was also the director of the Department of fine arts of Nanjing Central University. Suzhou Art College set up plate making group of practical art department. The school journal "art wave" is published in one volume and one issue.
In 1937, at the age of 44, the Anti Japanese war began, and the school was forced to suspend. The school was occupied by the Japanese army as the headquarters, and teachers and students fled to Shanghai.
In 1938, at the age of 45, Shanghai School of Suzhou Art College was established in Shanghai. The Japanese advised Suzhou to go back to school. With the school building funds, Xu resolutely resigned.
In 1941, at the age of 48, Shanghai School of art college was renamed the studio to avoid the attention of the Japanese army.
1942 49 years old and home
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