字茂京,号麓台,一号石师道人。出生于1642年,死于1715年,享年74岁,清代著名画家,江苏人太仓人。乃著名画家王时敏的孙子,山水能继祖法。并与王时敏、王鉴和王翚合称“四王"”。原祁康熙九年(1670)进士,官至户部侍郎,人称王司农。
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字茂京,号麓台,一号石师道人。出生于1642年,死于1715年,享年74岁,清代著名画家,江苏人太仓人。乃著名画家王时敏的孙子,山水能继祖法。并与王时敏、王鉴和王翚合称“四王"”。王原祁康熙九年(1670)进士,官至户部侍郎,人称王司农。康熙四十四年(1705年)时,任书画谱馆总裁,与孙岳颁、宋骏业、王铨等人共同编写大型书画书籍《佩文斋书画谱》100卷,用3年完成。对书画爱好者,提供了珍贵而全面的资料,这本画谱是中国绘画史上的第一部宝典。王原祁因为很受康熙皇帝赏识,所以学生很多,逐渐形成一支独立的画派。“四王”以及吴历、恽寿平并称为“清初六大家”。
在“四王”中,王原祁年纪最小,但成就最高。王鉴见之谓时敏曰:「吾二人当让一头地。」时敏曰:「元季四家首推子久(黄公望),得其神者惟董思白(其昌),得其形者吾不敢让,若神形俱得,吾孙其庶乎?」鉴深然之。时虞山王翚以清丽之笔,名倾中外,原祁则以高旷之品突过之。客有举翚画为问曰:「太熟。」复举查士标为问曰:「太生。」盖以不生不熟自处也。尝自题秋山晴爽图卷略云:「不在古法,不在吾手,而又不出古法吾手之外。笔端金刚杵,在脱尽习气。」
在绘画方面他得到祖父和王鉴的传授,喜欢临摹五代至元代时期(公元907--公元1368年)的绘画名作,绘画风格主要受元代(公元1279--公元1368年)黄公望影响。在技巧方面,他作画时喜欢用干笔,先用笔,后用墨,由淡向浓反复晕染,由疏向密,反复皴擦,干湿并用,画面显得浑然一体。除了会画画,他还编写画论,比较著名的有:《雨窗漫笔》和《麓台题画稿》。王原祁还擅长做诗,作品有《罨画楼集》3卷。
王原祁承董其昌及时敏之学,受清最高统治者之宠,肆力山水,领袖群伦。影响后世,形成娄东派(王原祁是江苏太仓人,太仓也称娄东),左右清代三百年画坛,成为正统派中坚人物。
Word luxuriant Beijing, stage of date the foot of mountain, a respectful form of address for a Taoist priest of division of a stone. Be born in 1642, died 1715, die at the age of is 74 years old, clear acting famous artist, jiangsu person too storehouse person. It is the grandchildren of famous artist Wang Shimin, landscape can afterwards ancestor law. Close with Wang Shimin, Wang Jian and king Li say " 4 king " " . King former Qi Kangxi 9 years (1670) a successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations, the official comes man of serve of the Ministry of Revenue in feudal China, person Wang Sinong. Kang Xi 44 years (1705) when, assume president of house of chart of painting and calligraphy, promulgate with Sun Yue, the person such as course of study of fine horse of the Song Dynasty, Wang Quan writes book of large painting and calligraphy jointly " chart of painting and calligraphy of wear article fast " 100, finish with 3 years. To lover of painting and calligraphy, provided precious and overall data, this a book on the art of drawing or painting is China the first jewel on brushwork history. Wang Yuanqi because very get appreciation of Kang Xi's emperor, the student is very so much, form an independent picture group gradually. "4 king " and Wu Li, Yun Shouping is called " the 6 everybody at the beginning of Qing Dynasty " .
Be in " 4 king " in, wang Yuanqi age is the smallest, but achievement is top. Wang Jian sees call Shi Min says: " my 2 people should let a ground. " Shi Min says: " yuan season 4 domestic head hair-clippers are long (Huang Gongwang) , dong Saibai of alone of the person that get its look (its prosperous) , I dare not let the person that get its look, if divine body all is gotten, my Sun Jishu? " ancient bronze mirror is deep like that. Li of Shi Yushan king with Qing Lizhi pen, renown bend China and foreign countries, former Qi Ze is tasted with tall Kuang Zhi dash forward those who pass. The guest has the picture that lift Li to say to ask: " too ripe. " answer lift Cha Shibiao to say to ask: " too unripe. " lid with not be born not ripe be in oneself also. Taste from bright of fine of problem autumn hill the graph coils summary cloud: " be absent ancient magic art, be absent my hands, and do not give Gu Fawu besides the hand. The pen carries King Kong beetle, taking off bad habit. "
In painterly respect he receives grandfather and king warning impart, like copy the Five Dynasties to come yuan of acting period (the Christian era 907- - the Christian era 1368) painterly master, painterly style basically gets yuan of generation (the Christian era 1279- - the Christian era 1368) Huang Gongwang is affected. In skill respect, when he makes a picture, like to use dry pen, use a pen first, chinese ink is used after, relapse by Dan Xiangnong dizzy catch, by scanty Xiang Mi, repeatedly chapped is brushed, dry wet use, the picture appears one integrated mass. Besides meeting picture, he still writes picture talking, famouser have: " pluvial window informal essay " and " stage of the foot of mountain inscribes rough sketch " . Wang Yuanqi still is good at making a poetry, work has " part of Yan picture building " 3.
Dong Jichang of Wangyuan Qi Cheng is seasonable quick learn, those who stand highest ruler clear bestow favor on, four force landscape, cacique group human relations. Influence later ages, form Lou Dong to send (Wangyuan Qi Shijiang Su Taicang's person, too the storehouse also weighs Lou Dong) , or so Qing Dynasty is acting altar of 300 New Year picture, become classical backbone person.
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