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陈立德

( 中国美术家协会会员 )

陈立德,(1948.2—)福建泉州人。擅长漆画。1981年进修于中央工艺美院特艺系装饰绘画研究班。曾任福建省泉州市工艺美术研究所高级工艺美术师、副所长。1993年至今任福建泉州画院专业画师。

  • 中文名陈立德
  • 性别
  • 国籍中国
  • 民族汉族
  • 居住地福建 泉州
  • 出生日期1948-02-23
  • 职业美术家
  • 擅长油画,其他
艺术家陈立德简介

陈立德,(1948.2—)福建泉州人。擅长漆画。1981年进修于中央工艺美院特艺系装饰绘画研究班。曾任福建省泉州市工艺美术研究所高级工艺美术师、副所长。1993年至今任福建泉州画院专业画师。泉州市政协副主席,中国美术家协会会员,福建省美术家协会理事,泉州市美术家协会副主席,泉州市人大画室副主任,泉州华光艺术摄影学院客座教授,泉州画院专业画师,中国美术家协会漆画艺术委员会委员,福建师大美术学院特聘硕导,福建美术家协会漆画艺委会顾问,国家一级美术师。享受国务院颁发的政府特殊贡献津贴。作品曾获中国当代美术史上第一枚全国美展漆画金牌。作品曾入选六、七、九届《全国美展》,并先后七次在全国及福建省的专业美术作品展览中获奖。漆画《皓月红烛》获一九八九年第七届全国美展金奖,这是当代中画美术史上第一枚《全国美展》漆画金牌,并为中国美术馆收藏。多年来,作品先后入编《中国现代美术史》、《一九四九年—九八九年中国美术年鉴》、《现代美术全集》、《20世纪美术一一中国美术馆藏品选》、《继往开来》等美术典藉及各种美术期刊.出版有《陈立德油画》、《陈立德油画选》、《陈立德漆画艺术》、《陈立德漆画作品集》等。
在泉州,很多人知道他是泉州市政协副主席,但很少人知道他还是一位在漆画方面颇有建树的画家。他在上世纪70年代中叶才开始接触漆画,1989年就获得当代美术史上第一枚全国美展漆画金牌。如今,他从事漆画创作已经30多年。从他身上,你能感受到漆画这种古老而又年轻的艺术散发出的迷人魅力。他,就是陈立德。
漆画“善变”饱尝创作苦乐
中国的漆艺术已经有7000多年历史,从余姚河姆渡遗址第三文化层发现的新石器时代的朱漆碗,到今天漆艺术已经发展成为一个独立画种——漆画。
漆画诞生于20世纪初。彼时,现代艺术兴起,不少人到日本、欧洲等国学习。看到外国的艺术家苦苦找寻新材料进行艺术创造,中国留学生发现利用历史悠久的漆艺创作现代绘画是一个非常棒的新画种,并展开了实践。从此,漆画随着时代不断地发展。
20世纪70年代中叶,福建省工艺美术研究所首次来厦门、泉州办漆画艺术培训班,目的就是发展漆画文化。就是这次偶然的机会,当时在泉州工艺美术研究所工作的陈立德接触了漆画。漆画在当时是一种新兴艺术,有很多未知领域需要去了解、去开拓,这对陈立德充满了诱惑。当时,整个泉州学习漆画的也不过就十几个人。陈立德学漆画创作也是断断续续的,没有办法投入全部精力,因为当时学习漆画要靠“养”,靠画连环画或油画来“养”。由于具有扎实的设计和油画功底,陈立德在漆画创作上很快就入门了。1980年,他的抒情小品《雾晨》和《林中小鹿》第一次在中国美术馆跟群众见面了,得到了很多肯定。
1985年,漆画在改革开放的大潮中迅速发展起来。也是这一年,漆画开始作为一种独立的画种进入画坛,并参加了全国美展。在这样的背景下,陈立德探索漆画的兴致更加浓厚。由于漆画发展历史短,没有现成的技法可循,创作的过程更多是靠画家个人的感性积累和实践总结,所以陈立德在创作过程中经常出现“痛心”的事。
漆画的制作过程是非常复杂的,需经过精选木板、做胎板、初稿、定稿、刷漆、贴蛋壳、贴金、打银、彩绘、刻线、罩漆、打磨、抛光等十几道工序,最后才能成为一幅精美的作品。一幅漆画,花了好几个月创作,有时是到临近结束时,才发现漆堆得太厚起了皱,跟心里期待的最终效果不一致或者大相径庭,这画也就“牺牲”了。
创作者常常会因为这种变化性脱离了自己的意愿而选择放弃漆画创作,陈立德就是这样靠意志坚持过来的。不过,漆画具有变化莫测的色彩效果,同样的材料和工序,因为环境不同温度不同,也有可能给你预想不到的惊喜,这种感觉非常奇妙。陈立德说,就是在这样无数的“成功”和“失败”中,创作水平才得以不断发展和进步。获得首金后选择低调“修炼”
1989年的第7届全国美展上,陈立德的《皓月红烛》获当代美术史上第一枚全国美展漆画金牌,这幅画后来为中国美术收藏馆收藏。这次获奖,诚然让陈立德激动与兴奋,但他觉得自己身上更多的是责任,即把漆画文化传播和发展的责任。
获奖后的很多年里,陈立德显得特别低调,原来他在“修炼”中。著名漆画家乔十光说过“漆画是画不易,画是漆画也难”,所以一个好的漆画家既要是好画家又要是好的漆艺家,这并不容易。陈立德认为,传统漆工艺凝聚了历代漆艺家的聪明才智,正是借助漆工艺,漆的材质美才能得到充分的展现。但是漆画姓“漆”,它的定位是纯艺术,漆画创作必须遵循纯艺术这个范畴的规律和标准。漆画总归还是画,是绘画创作,终归要以画面来打动人。
陈立德特别重视漆画的绘画性,更多的时间花在画面的设计和构图上,构思时间往往占一幅画所花时间的三分之二甚至更长。在题材上,他热衷于选择日常生活中富有代表性的人或风景。他的创作中带有浓浓的“闽南口音”,比如他创作的《闽南民居》、《闽南民间舞》等,让人觉得亲切,充满着生活气息。漆画作品中,人物创作最难,因为对材料的把握和技术性处理比较严格,但陈立德就特别擅长创作人物漆画,《闽南埔女》、《手抓饭店的女老板》等作品把人物刻画得逼真自然。这些平凡的风景、平凡的人物,因为真实富有生命体验而更能打动人。
陈立德一天大部分的时间都在创作,这已成为他的一种习惯。“我不停创作的目的就是让大家来喜欢漆画,把漆画所表现的内涵和精神展现给大家,给大家快乐,这似乎成了这辈子的责任……”陈立德说。

不断创新追求更自然更自由
漆画有很多技巧,明代漆艺就有几百种,陈立德侧重讲究画的自然性,“能收就收,能放就放,该粗犷就粗犷”。经过多年的探索,他认为,微妙的色彩冷暖推移是油画的优势。但漆画必须使用归纳色,而他的漆画采用了现代绘画常用的“浅箱子空间”或“二维空间”的处理方式,创作时可以得到很多自由,而不拘束。他的作品“朱色堂皇不失庄重,黑色深沉又神秘,金色既堂皇又典雅”。
“艺术的创新,集中体现于对客观世界有深刻观察和体验的创作者主观精神的自由表达,而这种自由贯穿在风格、形式、技法之中,创新的结果是要提供人们新的审美经验。”推动漆画艺术往更高、更成熟的层面上发展,陈立德一直在努力着。

Introduction to the artist

Chen Lide, (1948.2, ) person of Fujian spring city. Be good at lacquer painting. 1981 attend in a advanced studies at central craft beauty brushwork of art department adornment studies courtyard spy class. Ever held the post of institute of arts and crafts division of advanced arts and crafts, assistant director. Held the post of painter of major of imperial art academy of Fujian spring city up to now 1993. Vice-chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of fontal state city, chinese artist academician, director of association of Fujian Province artist, vice-chairman of association of artist of fontal state city, vice director of atelier of National People's Congress of fontal state city, fontal city visiting professor of college of photography of Hua Guangyi art, painter of major of fontal city imperial art academy, committee member of committee of art of lacquer painting of Chinese artist association, big academy of fine arts hires Fujian division especially large guides, lacquer painting of Fujian artist association art appoint the meeting is advisory, country division of one class art. The government that enjoys the State Council to issue is special contribution is subsidiary. Beauty of the first whole nation exhibits work Cenghuo China now lacquer painting gold. Work ever selected 6, 7, 9 " countrywide beauty is exhibited " , reach the bear the palm in the exhibition of professional art work of the Fujian Province 7 times in the whole nation early or late. Lacquer painting " bright month Gong Zhu " obtain beauty of the 7th whole nation exhibited a gold prize 1989, this is contemporary in draw the first " countrywide beauty is exhibited " lacquer painting gold, collect for Chinese art gallery. Come for years, work is entered early or late make up " China is contemporary art history " , " 1949, almanac of art of 989 years of China " , " modern art complete works " , " 20 centuries art one by one Chinese art holding is tasted anthology " , " carry forward the cause and forge ahead into future " wait for art allusion Jie to reach all sorts of art periodical. Publish have " Chen Lide canvas " , " Chen Lide canvas is chosen " , " Chen Lide lacquer painting is artistic " , " collect of work of Chen Lide lacquer painting " etc.
In fontal city, a lot of people know he is vice-chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of fontal state city, but very few person knows him or one has the painter of contribute quite in lacquer painting respect. He is going up 70 time middle period just begins the century osculatory lacquer painting, obtained 1989 beauty of the first whole nation exhibits lacquer painting gold now. Nowadays, he is engaged in lacquer painting creating already 30 old. From his body, you can feel lacquer painting this kind old and young art sends out the attractive charm that give. He, it is Chen Lide.
Lacquer painting " capricious " full taste creation suffering is happy
Lacquer art of China has had 7000 old histories, the red paint bowl that crosses the The Neo-lithic Age that layer of the 3rd culture discovers relics from Yu Yaohe Mu, to today lacquer art has developed become an independent painting to plant -- lacquer painting.
Lacquer painting is born at the beginning of 20 centuries. When those, modern art is arisen, many people wait for national study to Japan, Europe. The artist that sees a foreign country searchs new material to have artistic creation hard, discovery of Chinese student studying abroad uses the Qi Yi with long history to create the new picture that contemporary brushwork is a special club to plant, developed practice. From now on, lacquer painting develops ceaselessly as the times.
20 centuries 70 time middle period, institute of Fujian Province arts and crafts comes first city of Xiamen, spring does lacquer painting art to groom class, the purpose develops lacquer painting culture namely. It is this accidental opportunity, the Chen Lide that in fontal city institute of arts and crafts works at that time contacted lacquer painting. Lacquer painting is in at that time is a kind of burgeoning art, a lot of uncharted territories need to understand, go developing, this was full of temptation to Chen Lide. At that time, of lacquer painting of study of whole spring state also do not pass with respect to ten people. Chen Lide learns lacquer painting to create also is desultory, throw total energy without method, because learn lacquer painting to want to lean at that time " raise " , comic relying on a picture or canvas come " raise " . Because have solid design and canvas strength, chen Lide is very fast on lacquer painting creation with respect to the introduction. 1980, his lyric essay " mist morning " and " Lin Zhong fawn " follow masses to meet in Chinese art gallery for the first time, got a lot of affirmation.
1985, lacquer painting develops quickly in the spring tide of reforming and opening rise. Also be this a year, the picture that lacquer painting begins to become independent as a kind is planted into altar of suitable for a painting, attended countrywide beauty to exhibit. Below such setting, the interest that Chen Lide explores lacquer painting is more strong. Because lacquer painting develops historical weak point, without off-the-peg ability law but abide, the process more of creation is to rely on a painter to the individual's sensibility is accumulated and carry out summary, so Chen Lide often appears in inventing a process " distressed " thing.
The making process of lacquer painting is very complex, need to pass handpick board, make fetal board, first draft, final version, brush paint, stick chorion, gild, hit lacquer of silver-colored, coloured drawing or pattern, reticle, cover, burnish, polish to wait for ten working procedure, final ability makes an elegant work. A lacquer painting, spent several months creation, it is to arrive sometimes draw near when the end, just discover lacquer piled too thickly to rise to knit, with the final result that expects in the heart abhorrent perhaps be widely divergent, this picture also " sacrifice " .
The person that create often can be planted because of this variational the apiration that broke away from oneself and the choice abandons lacquer painting creating, chen Lide relies on a volition to insist to come over so namely. Nevertheless, lacquer painting has the colour effect that change not measures, same material and working procedure, because the environment is different temperature is different, give you likely also the surprise that expect is less than, this kind of sense is very wonderful. Chen Lide says, be in namely such of countless " successful " and " failure " in, creation level just is able to develop ceaselessly and progress. The choice after winning a gold is low-key " Xiu Lian "
The beauty of the 7th whole nation 1989 is exhibited on, of Chen Lide " bright month Gong Zhu " obtain beauty of the first whole nation exhibits lacquer painting gold now, this picture collects a house for Chinese art later. This bear the palm, make Chen Lide excited indeed with excitement, but he feels he goes up personally more it is responsibility, the liability that transmit lacquer painting culture namely and admits.
In a lot of years after bear the palm, chen Lide appears particularly low-key, so he is in " Xiu Lian " in. Qiao Shiguang of home of famous lacquer painting has said " lacquer painting is a picture not easy, the picture is lacquer painting difficult also " , so a good lacquer painter already if good painter if good Home Qi Yi, this is not easy. Chen Lide thinks, traditional lacquer craft condensed the intelligence an wisdom of past dynasties Home Qi Yi, be craft of lacquer of have the aid of, the material of lacquer pledges beautiful ability gets be showinged adequately. But lacquer painting is surnamed " lacquer " , its fixed position is pure art, lacquer painting creation must follow pure art the rule of this category and standard. Lacquer painting after all still is a picture, it is painterly creation, eventually should move with the picture person.
Chen Lide takes the painterly sex of lacquer painting seriously particularly, more time flowers are on the design of the picture and composition of a picture, conceive time to often occupy place of a picture to spend time 2/3 longer even. On subject matter, he is fond of a choice representative person or scenery are full of in daily life. Contain in his creation thick " the accent austral Fujian " , for instance he creates " south Fujian civilian house " , " the folk dance austral Fujian " wait, let a person feel kind, be full of life breath. In lacquer painting work, character creative work is the hardest, because be mixed to the assurance of material technical processing is stricter, but Chen Lide is special be good at creating character lacquer painting, " the Bu austral Fujian female " , " the hostess that the hand catchs restaurant " wait for work to get character depict distinct nature. Content of these common views, bromide, experience because of true and rich life and can move more person.
A day of major while are creating Chen Lide, this already made a kind of his habit. "The end that I create ceaselessly lets everybody like lacquer painting namely, the connotation that behaves lacquer painting place and spirit show great master, give everybody pleasure, the liability that this became this all one's life it seems that... " Chen Lide says.

Ceaseless innovation pursuit is more natural freer
Lacquer painting has a lot of skill, bright generation Qi Yi has hundreds of kinds, chen Lide side pays attention to the natural sex of the picture again, "Can close, can put put, this are straightforward straightforward " . Through old exploration, he thinks, elapse of delicate colour changes in temperature is the advantage of canvas. But lacquer painting must use Baconian color, and his lacquer painting used contemporary brushwork commonly used " simple case space " or " 2 dimension space " processing means, a lot of freedom can gain when creation, and not cabined. His work " Zhu Setang emperor is not broken grave, black is deep mysterious, aureate already grandiose elegance " .
"Artistic innovation, the freedom of subjective spirit conveys the person that concentration reflects the creative work that observe at having profundity to objective world and experiences, and this kind of freedom is perforative in law of style, form, ability, the result of innovation is to should provide the aesthetic experience with new people. " develop on the level with drive lacquer painting art to go to taller, more mature, chen Lide is worn in effort all the time.

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