徐庆平,男,1946年9月生于中国北京,祖籍江苏宜兴,国画大师徐悲鸿儿子。中国人民大学徐悲鸿艺术研究院院长、教授、博士生导师,教育部全国高校艺术类教学指导委员会委员,国务院政府特殊津贴专家。1981年赴欧洲研究美术,巴黎大学美术学博士,也是中国获取留法艺术史专业博士第一人。曾任中央美术学院教授、中央美术学院学术委员会委员。著有《西方艺术史》《现代绘画词典》《光荣属于希腊》等。
中国美术网 09-17 浏览
在徐悲鸿先生的4个子女中,徐庆平教授是惟一继承父业的。1946年徐庆平先生出生时,国画大师齐白石老人为他特意镌刻了一枚印章,准备徐庆平将来长大以后,绘画时使用。不过,按照徐庆平父亲徐悲鸿先生的意愿,他认为学美术是一件非常辛苦的事,并不想让他的孩子学习绘画。当徐庆平一出生时,悲鸿先生仍然持这一观点,并对妻子廖静文女士说:“对这个孩子溺爱一点,学理也好,学文也好,不要学习美术。”然而,徐庆平没有听从父亲的安排。[3]
大概是徐庆平生下来时,就从父亲那里接受了绘画的细胞,使他自幼就喜欢绘画。那时还不会拿笔的他,就喜欢围绕着父亲的画桌转悠。3岁时,徐庆平就跟着父亲学绘画,而且特别喜欢画马。
1958年,12岁的徐庆平刚刚在念初中时,他画的马就获得国际少年奖。“文化大革命”开始时,徐庆平正好在中央美术学院附中毕业,这场“革命”终结了他的学业,他被下放到一个非常穷的农村去接受再教育,又住在这个村里最穷的一户人家。这家人连自己都没有房子住,哪有房子给徐庆平住?无奈之际,徐庆平只好住在马棚里,天天与马为伴。
在这里,徐庆平生活确实非常艰苦,干的活又很重,傍晚收工回来后,浑身几乎一点劲也没有。不过,当徐庆平一看到马棚中的马时,劲就来了,也不觉得累,借此机会徐庆平多方面全方位既细致又系统地观察了马的生活习性,懂得了马的感情,熟悉了马的喜怒哀乐时的各种表现及神态,为他重新创作马的形象提供了丰富的内容。在这里,徐庆平画了马的许多速写。这一时期的徐庆平几乎成了一个“马痴”。
文革崭事
“文革”期间,徐庆平开始临摹父亲画的马,他画的马真有以假乱真的工夫。一天,徐悲鸿先生生前的一个学生到徐悲鸿家来看望廖静文师母,发现墙上挂着几幅关于“马”的作品,这位学生看了看墙上画的马,然后对廖师母说:“徐先生的这幅画怎么没有签名,真是太可惜了。”
廖静文女士笑了笑,告诉这位学生说:“这些都是庆平画的。”对此,这位学生大为震惊,并连声称赞道:“这画大有先生之风,真乃虎父无犬子。”
不过,徐庆平在艺术的道路上始终保持着清醒的头脑。艺术是创造而不是简单的模仿。如果只能成功地模仿父亲的马,那至多是一个画匠,不能算一个真正的画家。
为此,他常常还深入到内蒙古了解那广袤的大草原上的马又是一种什么样的形态。在那里,他观看了多场马赛的壮观景象,那些雄骏高大的马群,真使他激动不已。回来后,徐庆平先生将父亲画的马与自己日常生活中所观察的马进行了深入细致的比较,发现父亲画的马多为孤马。之所以如此,全然是受到他所处时代的局限,表达的是自己在那个时代的无比悲愤而又充满希望的思想感情。而自己所处的时代与父亲所处的时代迥然有别,于是徐庆平笔下的马一改父亲的画风。从表现形式上看,他改变了父亲的只画孤马为多画群马。从而形成自己的笔墨潇洒,生动传神的马。
因此,徐庆平笔下的马既有父亲笔下的影子,又有自己笔下的独到之处。有业内行家对徐悲鸿和他的儿子徐庆平画的马做过这样的比较后说:“徐悲鸿先生画的马,是奔腾、奋起、愤怒的马;徐庆平教授生活在国家安定环境之中,他画的马是一派祥和安宁气象。”
“父亲在世时常和我讲重庆的生活。”徐庆平说,抗战时期,父亲在江北盘溪石家花园前后居住了8年之久。“昨天经过大轰炸纪念遗址时,我又回想起他给我讲的那个年代的那些故事。”
徐庆平回忆道,“那时候条件很艰苦,父亲用的是煤油灯,喝的是用明矾过滤的江水,他每天要过江到松林坡的中央大学上课。”
徐悲鸿刚到重庆时,看到的即是一行行挑水的汉子,他们吃力的步履和被水桶压弯的扁担,使他深刻地感受到那份生活的艰辛,和生活在这块土地上的重庆人世代相传的抗争精神。
徐庆平透露,正是被这种精神所感染,在中央美院的教室里,两名学生铺开画纸,徐悲鸿没有打任何草稿,提起画笔完成了著名的《巴人汲水》。
“父亲对重庆感情非常深,我名字中的‘庆’,指的就是重庆。”
在徐庆平的印象中,父亲在生活上对自己近乎苛刻,一生不穿绸衣。夏天总是一件蓝布长衫,冬天则是一领深色棉袍;皮鞋都是在东单地摊上买的旧鞋;家里吃的是大米与小米混蒸的“二米饭”。
徐庆平说,父亲一辈子的钱就用在两个地方:帮助穷学生和买字画。
徐悲鸿收藏从古至今的名家字画1200多件,徐庆平回忆,只要看到好作品,父亲就会激动地大喊一声,快步跑到跟前,“本来作品没那么贵的,被父亲一喊,价码立即就上来了。”
那时,北京城只要有好的作品,总是先被徐悲鸿“抢”走了。去世前一周,徐悲鸿还买了我国近代杰出画家任伯年的4幅作品,他认为它们“无懈可击”。
徐庆平说,父亲去世后,所有收藏全部捐献给了国家,“那时,我和母亲住在家里放煤炭的小屋子里。”
徐悲鸿在徐庆平4岁的时候开始教他写字,“当时父亲到琉璃厂去给我和妹妹各买了一本《张猛龙碑集联》,并在字帖的扉页上写下‘拔山盖势之气,长河大海为辞’的字句。”
4岁的徐庆平就开始每天写两页九宫格。徐悲鸿很忙,但每天都会抽出时间来批改儿子的作业。写得好的字下面,他会用红色的毛笔画3个圈圈;写得不好的,徐庆平就要重新写。
“后来我当了老师,才明白父亲是要从小培养我的审美习惯,他非常重视小孩的审美教育。”徐庆平称,父亲给他选的《张猛龙碑集联》,就是要从一开始就给他最有气魄的东西,培养他坚定的意志,“我觉得这对今天的孩子也特别有用。”
徐庆平先生也画马,但他笔下的马,既有“徐 悲鸿马”的神韵,又有所创新。徐悲鸿画马,不仅只为一般观赏,而大多是借以抒发郁结难言之悲愤和爱国忧世的心情。徐庆平先生说,父亲画的马多数是忧郁的,我笔下的马常是快活的。
也许从齐白石先生为徐庆平刻章的时候起,就预示着他将会成为一位优秀的画家,现在徐庆平是著名美术史学家、画家、美术教育家,担任中国人民大学徐悲鸿艺术学院院长、徐悲鸿纪念馆副馆长和书画家联谊会副会长,多年来一直致力于艺术创作、研究和教学,积极倡导全社会和全民族的美育教育。
徐庆平先生以其父“极高明而道中庸”的教诲为治学要求,禀承父亲的艺术理念,既珍视中国文化传统的精华,又吸取西方绘画在色彩关系和造型结构等方面的长处,使它与中国笔墨自然融合为一体 。徐庆平先生的作品深沉洗炼,具有真和美的震撼力量。祖国的壮美河山常使他激动,他说自己常“为感动和激情而创作”。草原上的晚霞,长城的雄姿,优美的太湖晚景,快乐奔腾的马儿……都是他表现美的“源头活水”。徐庆平先生说,父亲曾经送给他四个字:“诚实自信”,他秉承父亲的遗风,以平生所学,潜心于中国的美术教育,并重视和加强与西方文化的交流与合作,传承和展示中国美的文化。他翻译了《西方艺术史》,编撰了《现代绘画辞典》、《世界十大博物馆》、《徐庆平画集》等著作,曾应邀多次赴加拿大、新加坡、马来西亚等国举行个人画展,作品被欧美亚多国收藏家和收藏机构收藏。
他说,一个国家培养出几位名画家不难,但提高全民族的艺术素质却是不容易的。在一些发达国家,人们把参观博物馆和美术馆作为生活中的一部分。我们可以想见,如果在城市中心竖一座罗丹的雕塑,会给人多少美的感觉和力量啊。就像写字不单是写字,从中会体验到一种力量,塑像也不单是塑像,它表现着美还有背后那美的故事。正像徐悲鸿先生说过的:“艺术虽是小技,但可以立至德,造大奇,为人类申诉。”的确。
In 4 children of Mr. Xu Beihong, Professor Xu Qingping is the only inherit his father's. Mr. Xu Qingping was born in 1946, Chinese painting master Qi Baishi old man as he deliberately engraved a stamp for Xu Qing Ping will grow up, the use of painting. However, in accordance with the wishes of Xu Qingping's father, Mr. Xu Beihong, he believes that learning art is a very hard thing, do not want his children to learn painting. When Xu Qingping was born, Mr. hung hung still hold this view, and said to his wife, Ms. Liao Jingwen: "to this child spoil a little, learn good or not, learn art, do not learn art." However, Xu Qingping did not listen to his father's arrangement. [3]
Xu Qing is probably down from life, father accepted the painting of the cell, make him since childhood love painting. Was not a pen he would love around the table around his father's paintings. 3 years old, Xu Qingping followed his father to learn painting, and particularly like painting horses.
1958, 12 year old Xu Qingping just in junior high school, he drew the horse won the international junior award. The "Cultural Revolution" at the beginning, Xu Qingping was in the middle school affiliated to the China Central Academy of Fine Arts graduate, this "revolution" ended his studies, he was sent to a very poor countryside to be re educated and lived in a house in the village of the poorest. The family even have no house to live, how to house to Xu Qingping live? Helpless, Xu Qingping had to stay in the barn, and the horse with every day.
Here, Xu Qingping's life is really very hard, work is heavy, in the evening, after coming back, with a little strength almost No. However, when Xu Qingping saw the horses in the stables, Jin came, did not feel tired, take the opportunity to Xu Qingping several aspects both subtle and systematically observed the behavior of the horse, the horse knows the feelings, familiar with all the features and expression of the horse when the passions, provide rich content for his re creation of the image of a horse. Here, Xu Qingping drew many sketches of horses. This period of Xu Qingping almost became a "horse crazy".
The Cultural Revolution completely.
During the "Cultural Revolution", Xu Qingping began copying the father's horse paintings, his paintings of horses are real time. One day, a student of Mr. Xu Beihong's visit to his wife Liao Jingwen Xu Beihong, found the wall on the "horse" of the works, the students looked at the paintings on the walls of the horse, and then Liao Shimu said: "what this picture of Mr. Xu is not signed, it is a pity that."
Ms. Liao Jingwen smiled and told the student, "these are Ping Ping paintings." In this regard, the student was shocked, and even claimed that praise: "this painting is Mr. wind, I like father like son."
However, Xu Qingping has always maintained a clear head on the road of art. Art is created rather than simply imitated. If you can only successfully imitate his father's horse, that is not a painter, not a real artist.
To this end, he often went deep into Inner Mongolia to understand the vast prairie horse is what kind of form. There, he watched the multi field Marseille spectacular, the Xiong Jun tall horses, really made him excited. After coming back, Mr. Xu Qingping painted his father's horse and his daily life in the observation of horses in depth and meticulous comparison, found his father painted more than a solitary horse. The reason is that he has all the limitations of the times, is the expression of his at that time very indignant and hopeful thoughts and feelings. The age and the father of the era is different, so Xu Qingping's father changed the style of the horse. From the perspective of expression form, he changed his painting to painting only solitary horse horse. To form their own text clear, vivid horse.
Therefore, Xu Qingping's horse is the father's shadow, but also has its own originality under the pen. Industry experts have done the comparison of Xu Beihong and his son Xu Qingping painting horse said: "Mr. Xu Beihong is painting horse Pentium, rise up, angry horse; Professor Xu Qingping lives in the national security environment, his paintings of horses was a peaceful weather."
"My father always told me about life in Chongqing." Xu Qingping said that during the Anti Japanese War, father before and after the stone garden residential Jiangbei Panxi for 8 years. "Yesterday, when I bombed the memorial site, I recalled the stories he told me about that time."
Xu Qingping recalled, when conditions are very difficult, the father is using kerosene lamps, drinking alum filtered river water, he went to Centre College every day to the slope of the river slope classes."
When Xu Beihong arrived in Chongqing, to see is a line of the man, they are demanding action and bucket bending the pole, so that he deeply felt the hardships of life, and life in the land of the people from generation to generation fighting spirit.
Xu Qingping said, this is the spirit of the infection, at the Central Academy of fine arts classroom, two students spread out paper, Xu Beihong did not play any draft, brought the brush to complete the famous "Ba Shui".
"My father has a deep affection for Chongqing, and my name is' celebration ', referring to Chongqing."
In Xu Qingping's impression, his father in life on their almost harsh, life does not wear silk clothes. Summer is always a blue gown, winter is a dark cotton padded collar; leather shoes are in Dongdan stall to buy old shoes; home to eat rice and millet mixed steamed "two Steamed Rice".
Xu Qingping said, father of a lifetime money is used in two places: to help poor students and buy calligraphy and painting.
More than 1 thousand and 200 pieces of calligraphy masters, Xu Beihong Xu Qingping in memory, as long as you see good work, my father would excitedly shouted, hurried to the front, "it works not so expensive, father shouted, the price came up immediately."
At that time, Beijing city as long as there are good works, always first by Xu Beihong grab away. A week before his death, Xu Beihong also bought 4 pieces of works of Chinese modern outstanding artist Ren, he thinks they "impeccable".
Xu Qingping said that after his father's death, all the Collections Donated to the country, "then, my mother and I live in the house to put coal in the small house."
Xu Beihong began to teach him to write in Xu Qingping at the age of 4, "the father to go to Liulichang my sister and I bought a set of" Zhang Menglong "and the associated stele, copybook written on the first page of" pull mountain cover potential of the gas, the river sea 's words."
At the age of 4, Xu Qingping began to write a two page preview every day. Xu Beihong is busy, but takes time every day to correct his son's homework. Write the following good words, he will use a red brush to draw 3 circles; not well written, Xu Qingping will be re written.
Later, when I became a teacher, only to understand that my father is to cultivate my aesthetic habits, he attaches great importance to children's aesthetic education." Xu Qingping said, his father gave him the "Zhang Menglong monument" sets from the outset, is to give him the most daring things, cultivate his strong will, "I think that today's children are particularly useful."
Mr. Xu Qingping also painted horses, but his horse, both "Xu Beihong horse" charm, but also innovation. Xu Beihong painted horses, not only for general viewing, but mostly to express anger stagnation unspeakable and patriotic world worrying mood. Mr. Xu Qingping said that most of the horses my father painted were melancholy, and the horses I wrote were often cheerful.
It may be engraved chapter from Mr. Qi Baishi Xu Qingping, indicate that he will be a good painter, now Xu Qingping is a famous art historian, painter and art educator, Xu Beihong served as Dean of Renmin University of China, Xu Beihong School of Art Museum Museum and Calligraphers Association vice president, has been committed to the creation of art research and teaching, advocate the whole society and the whole nation's aesthetic education actively.
Mr. Xu Qingping, father of "the doctrine of" education for academic requirements, taking his father's art philosophy, the essence of China not only cherish the traditional culture, and absorbs the western painting in color and shape structure relationship strengths, and make it China natural integration of ink. Mr. Xu Qingping works with deep purification, and really shock strength. The magnificent mountains and rivers often makes him excited, he said he often touched and passion and creation". Prairie sunset, majestic the Great Wall, Taihu's beautiful, happy galloping horse...... He is the performance of the United States "springhead". Mr. Xu Qingping said, father, who gave him four words: "honest and confident", he uphold his father's legacy, to life, devote themselves to art education China, and pay attention to and strengthen exchanges and cooperation with the western culture, heritage and culture of the United States China show. He translated the "western art history", the compilation of the "modern painting dictionary", "the ten major museums in the world", "Xu Qing Ping album" and other works, has been invited to many times in Canada, Singapore, Malaysia and other countries held personal exhibitions of works by European and American multinational sub collectors and collecting mechanism.
He says it is not difficult for a country to cultivate several famous painters, but it is not easy to improve the artistic quality of the whole nation. In some developed countries, people visit museums and art galleries as part of life. We can imagine, if in the city center erect a Luo Dan sculpture, will give people how much beauty feeling and strength ah. Just like writing is not just writing, will experience a power, the statue is not just a statue, it shows the United States and behind the beautiful story. As Mr. Xu Beihong said: "art is little skill, but can stand down, made a strange, human appeal." You bet。
1、本站美术网信息均来自于美术家自己或其朋友、网络等方式,本站无法确定每条信息或事件的真伪,仅做浏览者参考。
2、只要用户使用本站则意味着该用户以同意《本站注册及使用协议》,否则请勿使用本站任何服务。
3、信息删除不收任何费用,VIP会员修改信息终身免费(VIP会员点此了解)。
4、未经本站书面同意,请勿转载本站信息,谢谢配合!