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弗朗西斯 · 戴维斯.小米Francis Davis Millet

弗朗西斯·戴维斯小米(1848年11月3日——1912年 4月15日)是美国人画家,雕塑家和作家死于泰坦尼克号的沉没1912年4月15日。

  • 中文名弗朗西斯 · 戴维斯.小米
  • 外文名Francis Davis Millet
  • 性别
  • 国籍美国
  • 出生日期1848年11月3日
  • 逝世日期1912年4月15日
  • 职业画家,雕塑家和作家
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中文介绍

早期的生活

弗朗西斯·戴维小米出生在马萨诸塞州Mattapoisett最来源的状态,他的出生日期是11月3日,1846年,但日记在服兵役期间他一直表示,11月3日,1864年是他16岁生日,从而表明1848年出生。在十五岁的时候,小米进入马萨诸塞州团,首先作为一个鼓手然后外科助理(帮助他父亲,一位外科医生)美国内战.

他一再指出,他为他的父亲工作的经验给了他一个欣赏鲜艳的血红色,他在他早期的作品反复使用。他毕业于哈佛大学文学硕士学位。他的记者和编辑工作波士顿快递然后作为一个记者为广告商在费城百周年博览会.

职业生涯

1876年,小米回到波士顿漆壁画在波士顿三一教堂约翰拉法基他进入了皇家美术学院安特卫普,比利时,获得了一枚银牌,在他的第一年(从未做过),其次是他的第二个金牌。Russo土耳其战争1877 - 1877作为战地记者,他是由《纽约先驱报》、《伦敦每日新闻》,伦敦的图形。他被俄罗斯和罗马尼亚装饰由于他勇敢伤员在火和服务。

小米成为了美国艺术家协会的成员在1880年,并于1885年当选为国家科学院的一员设计,纽约和美术委员会副主席。他的受托人大都会艺术博物馆,坐在的顾问委员会国家美术馆的艺术他是装饰主任世界哥伦比亚博览会芝加哥1893年,声称他发明了第一台压缩空气喷漆应用粉饰建筑,但这个故事可能是虚构的,期刊从那时注意喷漆已经在使用自1880年代初。他的职业生涯包括工作与一些世界博览会,包括维也纳,芝加哥,巴黎,东京,他作出了贡献作为陪审员,管理员,壁画画家/装饰,或顾问。

小米是的创始人之一波士顿美术博物馆,学院影响力,在早期的美国艺术联合会。他获得任命埃米尔奥托Grundmann从他的安特卫普天,老熟人,作为第一负责人。小米是涉及美国在罗马[6]从一开始从1904 - 11和担任部长。他是一个创始成员和副主席美国美术委员会,从1910年到1912年去世。他死于泰坦尼克号上旅行时到纽约城市学院业务。

小米是一个作家和记者,以及一个艺术家。他翻译托尔斯泰也写散文和短篇小说。在他的出版物是毛细管犯罪和其他故事(1892),多瑙河从黑森林到黑海(1892)和远征菲律宾(1899)。他被选为的一员美国艺术学院和信件和也的名誉会员美国建筑师学会.

一位著名的雕刻家和设计师,小米的1907年设计的内战奖章的要求美国陆军美国战争部他也叫房间的天花板上的执行美国海关马里兰州巴尔的摩市.

个人生活

小米有一个工作室在1870年代早期在罗马和威尼斯在1870年代中期,他住在一起的地方查尔斯·沃伦·斯托达德美国著名的旅游记者,证据显示,有一个活跃的性对男人感兴趣。历史学家乔纳森Ned Katz礼物信件从小米斯托达德表明他们有一个浪漫和亲密的事情而生活波西米亚生活在一起。

小米,一个著名的美国学术古典学者,是亲密的朋友古斯都圣。高登斯所马克吐温1879年两人参加了他的婚礼,伊丽莎白(“莉莉”)Greely美林在巴黎,法国,吐温是小米的伴郎。这对夫妇有三个孩子:凯特,劳伦斯,约翰。

小米也非常熟悉的印象派艺术家约翰。辛格。萨金特,他经常使用小米的女儿凯特作为模型,以及尊敬赫胥黎的家庭.

English Introduction

Early life

Francis Davis Millet was born in Mattapoisett, Massachusetts. Most sources state that his date of birth was November 3, 1846, but a diary which he kept during his military service stated that November 3, 1864 was his 16th birthday, thus indicating birth in 1848. At age fifteen, Millet entered the Massachusetts regiment, first as a drummer boy and then a surgical assistant (helping his father, a surgeon) in the American Civil War.

He repeatedly pointed to his experience working for his father as giving him an appreciation for the vivid blood red that he repeatedly used in his early paintings. He graduated from Harvard with a Master of Arts degree. He worked as a reporter and editor for the Boston Courier and then as a correspondent for the Advertiser at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition.

Career

In 1876, Millet returned to Boston to paint murals at Trinity Church in Boston with John LaFarge. He entered the Royal Academy of Fine Arts at Antwerp, Belgium, and won a silver medal in his first year (never before done), followed by a gold medal in his second. In the Russo‐Turkish war of 1877–78, he was engaged as a war correspondent by the New York Herald, the London Daily News, and the London Graphic. He was decorated by Russia and Romania due to his bravery under fire and services to the wounded.

Millet became a member of the Society of American Artists in 1880, and in 1885 was elected as a member of the National Academy of Design, New York and as Vice-Chairman of the Fine Arts Committee. He was made a trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and sat on the advisory committee of the National Gallery of Art. He was decorations director for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, with claims he invented the first form of compressed air spray painting to apply whitewash to the buildings, but the story may be apocryphal, journals from that time note spray painting had already been in use since the early 1880s. His career included work with a number of worlds' fairs, including Vienna, Chicago, Paris, and Tokyo, where he made contributions as a juror, administrator, mural painter/decorator, or adviser.

Millet was among the founders of the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and was influential in the early days of the American Federation of Arts. He was instrumental in obtaining the appointment of Emil Otto Grundmann, an old acquaintance from his Antwerp days, as first head of the School.[5] Millet was involved with the American Academy in Rome[6] from its inception and served as Secretary from 1904–11. He was a founding member and vice chairman of the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts, serving from 1910 until his death in 1912. He died aboard the Titanic while traveling to New York City on Academy business.

Millet was a writer and journalist as well as an artist. He translated Tolstoyand also wrote essays and short stories. Among his publications are Capillary Crime and Other Stories (1892), The Danube From the Black Forest to the Black Sea (1892) and Expedition to the Philippines (1899). He was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters and was also an honorary member of the American Institute of Architects.

A noted sculptor and designer as well, Millet designed the 1907 Civil War Medal at the request of the U.S. Army and United States War Department. He also executed the ceiling of the Call Room of the US Custom House atBaltimore, Maryland.

Personal life

Millet had a studio in Rome in the early 1870s and Venice in the mid-1870s, where he lived with Charles Warren Stoddard, a well-known American travel journalist who, evidence indicates, had an active sexual interest in men. Historian Jonathan Ned Katz presents letters from Millet to Stoddard that suggest they had a romantic and intimate affair while living a bohemian life together.

Millet, a well-regarded American Academic Classicist, was close friends with Augustus Saint-Gaudens and Mark Twain, both of whom attended his 1879 wedding to Elizabeth ("Lily") Greely Merrill in Paris, France; Twain was Millet's best man. The couple would have three children: Kate, Laurence, and John.

Millet was also well acquainted with the impressionist artist John Singer Sargent, who often used Millet's daughter Kate as a model, as well as the esteemed Huxley family.

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